This paper, based on the declining marine resource in China, uses total marine fishing yield as one index marking marine fishing resource and temporal-spatial three-phased DEA model to analyze the economic efficiency of 11 Chinese coastal provinces’ marine fishing during 2004 to 2015. Among the three-phased DEA model application, the second phase Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) with removing influence of environmental and random errors show increment in economic efficiency in partially areas shows the advantages of DEA model in resource efficiency evaluation. From environmental and random factors, fishing economic efficiency is at largely increasing state in most provinces, less leaving unchanged or decreasing, especially in Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi largely increased at the third phase. Spatially, areas with high, middle and low fishing economic efficiency area scattering with outstanding efficiency level. The middle efficiency area will show a spatial concentrating trend during “the 12th-Five-Year-Plan”, index at same efficiency level is diminishing gap. Compared with “11th-Five-Year-Plan”,fishing economic efficiency is differentiating and turning over provincially during “the12th-Five-Year-Plan”. Since the beginning of “13th-Five-Year-Plan”, marine fishing economy develops fast, close to or reaching up to the limit of resource environmental carrying capacity, challenging in controlling fishing yield and boats. It is of significance of increasing marine fishing economic efficiency to sustaining marine fishing resources.